Introduction

Foreign nationals residing in Japan under the visa category of “Spouse or Child of a Japanese National” or “Spouse or Child of a Permanent Resident” may face uncertainty if they become separated or divorced. This article explains, based on information published by the Immigration Services Agency of Japan, whether and how a “Long-Term Resident” visa can be renewed while still living separately from the spouse.

What is a Long-Term Resident Visa?

According to Article 20 of the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act, the Long-Term Resident visa is granted at the discretion of the Minister of Justice for individuals with special circumstances. As stated in the Ministry of Justice’s official cases, people separated or divorced under humanitarian considerations may still be eligible for renewal or change of status to a Long-Term Resident visa.

When Renewal Is Possible While Living Separately

Even during separation, renewal or change of status may be allowed in the following circumstances:

• Continued custody and care of a Japanese or Japan-born child
• Separation caused by domestic violence (DV)
• Temporary separation due to factors such as medical care, employment transfer, or family nursing

In a case published by the Ministry of Justice, a person living separately due to DV was granted Long-Term Resident status because she demonstrated financial independence and consistent life stability in Japan.

How to Explain Family Circumstances

When explaining separation, honesty and clarity are essential. Key points include:

1. Explain the reason for separation clearly.
   Provide details of the circumstances and any supporting documentation, such as police records or medical certificates.
2. Show proof of self-sufficient living conditions.
   Evidence of stable employment, steady income, and housing strengthens your case.
3. Demonstrate child custody and upbringing status.
   Provide documents such as school records or parental custody orders.

Required Documents

In addition to the Application for Extension of Period of Stay, include:

• Written explanation of separation circumstances
• Court or welfare-related documents
• Proof of employment and income
• Child custody and enrollment documents

Note on Filing a Marriage Status Report

In the event of separation or divorce, a Notification Regarding Spouse must be submitted within 14 days (Immigration Services Agency link). Neglecting this report can adversely affect renewal evaluations.

Conclusion

Even while living separately, you may still continue your residence in Japan under humanitarian grounds if you can explain your circumstances in detail and demonstrate stability. Accurately provide explanations supported by documents, and consult a certified immigration specialist (行政書士) if needed.